1、 Overview of Internet of things

我國物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用總體上處于發(fā)展初期，許多領(lǐng)域積極開展了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的應(yīng)用探索與試點(diǎn)，但在應(yīng)用水平上與發(fā)達(dá)國家仍有一定差距。目前已開展了一系列試點(diǎn)和示范項(xiàng)目，在電網(wǎng)、交通、物流、智能家居、節(jié)能環(huán)保、工業(yè)自動(dòng)控制、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、精細(xì)農(nóng)牧業(yè)、金融服務(wù)業(yè)、公共安全等領(lǐng)域取得了初步進(jìn)展。國內(nèi)已形成基本齊全的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，部分領(lǐng)域已形成一定市場(chǎng)規(guī)模，網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信相關(guān)技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)支持能力與國外差距相對(duì)較小，但傳感器、RFID 等感知端制造產(chǎn)業(yè)、軟件與集成服務(wù)與國外差距相對(duì)較大。儀器儀表、嵌入式系統(tǒng)、軟件與集成服務(wù)等產(chǎn)業(yè)雖已有較大規(guī)模，但真正與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)的設(shè)備和服務(wù)尚在起步階段。

The application of Internet of things in China is generally in the early stage of development. Many fields have actively carried out the application exploration and pilot of Internet of things, but there is still a certain gap with developed countries in application level. At present, a series of pilot and demonstration projects have been carried out, and preliminary progress has been made in the fields of power grid, transportation, logistics, smart home, energy conservation and environmental protection, industrial automatic control, medical and health care, fine agriculture and animal husbandry, financial services, public security and so on. A basically complete industrial system of Internet of things has been formed in China, and a certain market scale has been formed in some fields. There is a relatively small gap between the network communication related technology and industrial support capacity and foreign countries, but there is a relatively large gap between the sensor, RFID and other sensing end manufacturing industries, high-end software and integration services and foreign countries. Although the industries such as instruments, embedded systems, software and integrated services have a large scale, the equipment and services really related to the Internet of things are still in its infancy.

二、基于物流網(wǎng)的可視化沙盤

2、 Visual sand table based on Logistics Network

可視化模式是指利用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)將物體設(shè)備進(jìn)行虛擬化展示，并實(shí)現(xiàn)與現(xiàn)實(shí)物體設(shè)備數(shù)據(jù)的同步。

Visualization mode refers to the virtual display of object equipment using Internet of things technology, and the synchronization with real object equipment data.

物聯(lián)網(wǎng)沙盤技術(shù)，立足于物體設(shè)備的多種可視化展現(xiàn)。沙盤技術(shù)解決方案利用GPS/北斗衛(wèi)星定位技術(shù)、無線通信技術(shù)等多種技術(shù)集成應(yīng)用于電子沙盤領(lǐng)域。

Internet of things sandbox technology is based on a variety of visual displays of object devices. The sand table technology solution is integrated and applied to the field of electronic sand table by using GPS / Beidou satellite positioning technology, wireless communication technology and other technologies.

（1）全球定位技術(shù)（GPS）

(1) Global Positioning Technology (GPS)

對(duì)物體位置的跟蹤定位；對(duì)物體狀態(tài)的監(jiān)控；在物體上安裝GPS系統(tǒng)，結(jié)合地理信息系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)上述沙盤位置動(dòng)態(tài)化需求。

Tracking and positioning of object position; Monitoring of object status; The GPS system is installed on the object and combined with the geographic information system to realize the dynamic requirements of the sand table position.

（2）無線通訊技術(shù)（3G/WIFI）

(2) Wireless communication technology (3G / WiFi)

該項(xiàng)技術(shù)是本系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)闹饕夹g(shù)，應(yīng)用于物體已識(shí)別數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸，包括3G視頻數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸、GPS數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸、物體狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸、任務(wù)分配與命令發(fā)布傳輸。

This technology is the main technology of data transmission of the system. It is applied to the transmission of object identified data, including 3G video data transmission, GPS data transmission, object state data transmission, task allocation and command issuance transmission.

三、應(yīng)用案例

3、 Application case

為更好的體現(xiàn)，本文所述基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的可視化沙盤技術(shù)，選擇案例企業(yè)兩個(gè)個(gè)實(shí)施案例進(jìn)行分析說明，包括：智能物流可視化、智能災(zāi)害可視化等。具體說明如下：

In order to better reflect the visualization sand table technology based on the Internet of things described in this paper, two implementation cases of case enterprises are selected for analysis and explanation, including intelligent logistics visualization, intelligent disaster visualization, etc. The details are as follows:

（1）智能物流可視化項(xiàng)目

(1) Intelligent logistics visualization project

智能物流解決方案利用RFID技術(shù)、GPS/北斗衛(wèi)星定位技術(shù)、傳感器技術(shù)、藍(lán)牙技術(shù)、視頻識(shí)別技術(shù)、M2M技術(shù)等多種技術(shù)集成應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)代物流領(lǐng)域，實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代物流中的各種感知與控制。以物流管理為核心場(chǎng)景，實(shí)現(xiàn)物流過程中運(yùn)輸、存儲(chǔ)、包裝、裝卸等環(huán)節(jié)的一體化和智能物流系統(tǒng)的可視化。

Intelligent logistics solutions use RFID technology, GPS / Beidou satellite positioning technology, sensor technology, Bluetooth technology, video recognition technology, M2M technology and other technologies to be integrated and applied to the field of modern logistics to realize various perception and control in modern logistics. Take logistics management as the core scenario to realize the integration of transportation, storage, packaging, loading and unloading and the visualization of intelligent logistics system.

（2）智能災(zāi)害可視化

(2) Intelligent Disaster visualization

智能災(zāi)害能夠有效檢測(cè)自然災(zāi)害、減少次生災(zāi)害。水位監(jiān)測(cè)，實(shí)時(shí)傳輸水位信息，如果超過系統(tǒng)設(shè)定的水位，產(chǎn)生報(bào)警信息；流量監(jiān)測(cè)，實(shí)時(shí)傳輸水流量信息，如果低于系統(tǒng)設(shè)定地水量流速，產(chǎn)生報(bào)警；雨量監(jiān)測(cè)，實(shí)時(shí)傳輸雨量信息，超過系統(tǒng)設(shè)定的雨量，產(chǎn)生報(bào)警；視頻監(jiān)測(cè)，實(shí)時(shí)傳輸視頻信號(hào)，可以遠(yuǎn)程操作視頻頭；遠(yuǎn)程控制，可以實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)布路況信息到橋邊的指示屏，可以實(shí)時(shí)打開排水設(shè)備；可以實(shí)時(shí)打開立交橋掉頭閘門；泥石流監(jiān)測(cè)，實(shí)時(shí)傳輸土壤水份變化，如果超過系統(tǒng)設(shè)定的閥值，產(chǎn)生報(bào)警信息。

Intelligent disasters can effectively detect natural disasters and reduce secondary disasters. Water level monitoring, real-time transmission of water level information, if it exceeds the water level set by the system, alarm information will be generated; Flow monitoring, real-time transmission of water flow information, if it is lower than the ground water flow rate set by the system, an alarm will be generated; Rainfall monitoring, real-time transmission of rainfall information, exceeding the rainfall set by the system and generating an alarm; Video monitoring, real-time transmission of video signals, and remote operation of video head; Remote control, real-time release of road condition information to the indicator screen beside the bridge, and real-time opening of drainage equipment; It can open the interchange U-turn gate in real time; Debris flow monitoring, real-time transmission of soil moisture changes, if it exceeds the threshold set by the system, an alarm message will be generated.