1. Gypsum model: it is economical and convenient to use and process. It is used in ceramics, plastics, model making, etc. Gypsum texture is fine, easy to repair surface decoration processing after molding, and easy to preserve for a long time.

2、金屬模型：以鋼鐵材料應用居多，如鋼鐵、管材、板材，有時少量的也用一些鋁合金等其他金屬。 金屬材料的制作，主要考慮力學性能和成本等方面的因素。力學性能主要從金屬材料的強度、彈性、硬度、剛度以及抗沖擊拉伸的能力等方面來考慮。加工工藝主要有切削、焊接、鑄造、鍛造等。

2. Metal model: steel materials are mostly used, such as steel, pipe and plate. Sometimes a small amount of aluminum alloy and other metals are also used. The fabrication of metal materials mainly considers the factors such as mechanical properties and cost. Mechanical properties are mainly considered from the strength, elasticity, hardness, stiffness and impact tensile resistance of metal materials. The processing technology mainly includes cutting, welding, casting, forging, etc.

3、黏土模型：黏土材料來源廣泛取材方便價格低廉經過“洗泥”工序和“煉熟 過程 其質地更加細膩。具有一定的粘合性 可塑性極強 在塑造過程中可以反復修改 任意調整 修 刮 填，補比較方便。還可以重復使用是一種比較理想的造型材料,但是如果上海沙盤模型黏土中的水分失去過多則容易使黏土模型出現(xiàn)收縮龜裂甚至產生斷裂現(xiàn)象，不利于長期保存 。

3. Clay model: clay materials come from a wide range of sources, which are convenient to obtain and cheap. After the "mud washing" process and "refining and ripening process", its texture is more delicate. It has certain adhesion and strong plasticity. It can be modified repeatedly in the molding process, adjusted, scraped and filled at will, which is more convenient. It can also be reused. It is an ideal modeling material. However, if too much water is lost in the clay of Shanghai sand table model, the clay model is easy to shrink, crack or even fracture, which is not conducive to long-term preservation.

4、木制模型：使用的木材一般都是經過二次加工后的原木材和人造板材。常有膠合板、刨花板、細木工板、中密度纖維板等。

4. Wooden model: the wood used is generally the raw wood and man-made board after secondary processing. There are often plywood, particleboard, blockboard, medium density fiberboard, etc.

5、油泥模型：是一種人造材料。凝固后極軟，較軟，堅硬。油泥可塑性強，黏性、韌性比黃泥(黏土模型) 強。它在塑造時使用方便，成型過程中可隨意雕塑、修整，成型后不易干裂，可反復使用。油泥價格較高，易于攜帶，制作一些小巧、異型和曲面較多的造型更為合適。

5. Sludge model: it is an artificial material. It is very soft, soft and hard after solidification. The plasticity of oil mud is strong, and its viscosity and toughness are stronger than that of yellow mud (clay model). The utility model is convenient to use in molding, can be sculpted and trimmed at will in the molding process, is not easy to dry and crack after molding, and can be used repeatedly. The price of oil sludge is high and easy to carry. It is more suitable to make some small, special-shaped and curved shapes.

6、綜合模型：制作所選用的材料，有時不單單是一種材料，也可能是兩種或多種。上海沙盤模型經過綜合加工制作而成的，但還是以一種材料為主料，其他只是局部的使用，這樣制作的產品，整體感較好，后期的裝飾處理也方便。

6. Comprehensive model: the materials selected for production are sometimes not only one material, but also two or more. The Shanghai sand table model is made through comprehensive processing, but it still takes one material as the main material, and the others are only used locally. The products made in this way have a good overall feeling and convenient decoration in the later stage.

7、塑料模型：塑料是一種常用制作材料。品種很多，主要品種有五十多種，多用熱塑性塑料，主要有聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯、ABS工程 塑料、有機玻璃板材、泡沫塑料板材等。聚氯乙烯耐熱性低，可用壓塑成型、吹塑成型、壓鑄成型等多種成型方法。ABS工程塑料的熔點低，用電烤箱、電爐等加 熱、很容易使其軟化，可熱壓、連接多種復雜的形體。

7. Plastic model: plastic is a commonly used material. There are many varieties. There are more than 50 main varieties. Thermoplastics are mainly used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, ABS engineering plastics, plexiglass plates, foamed plastic plates, etc. PVC has low heat resistance and can be formed by pressure molding, blow molding, die casting and other molding methods. ABS engineering plastics have a low melting point and can be easily softened by heating in electric ovens and electric furnaces. It can be hot pressed and connected to a variety of complex shapes.

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